奥迪A6L喷油器故障造成发动机抖动
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; color: var(--main-color);">故障现象一辆2024年生产的奥迪A6L，装配EA888 DTG发动机，搭载双离合变速器，行驶里程5900KM。客户反映该车发动机抖动而且组合仪表OBD报警灯亮起。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; color: var(--main-color);">检查分析 启动发动机并怠速运转，发现发动机有明显抖动，组合仪表出现OBD报警灯亮起、出现车辆启动系统故障，请联系服务站，故障与客户描述一致，如图1所示。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194950959-IMG_2807.png" alt="20250309194950959-IMG_2807" data-edit-file-id="843" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194950959-IMG_2807.png" imgbox-index="0" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; color: var(--main-color);">图1：组合仪表报警提示 接下来，使用车辆诊断仪VAS6150E检查发动机电控装置的故障码，发现存在故障码P014800含义为：燃油输送故障（被动/偶发）；P030000含义为：识别到燃烧断火（主动/静态）；P030100含义为：气缸1识别到燃烧断火（主动/静态）；P030200含义为：气缸2识别到燃烧断火（主动/静态）；P030300含义为：气缸3识别到燃烧断火（主动/静态）；P030400含义为：气缸4识别到燃烧断火（主动/静态）；P1D7400含义为：会损坏催化转化器的燃烧断火激活（被动/偶发）；P208000废气温度传感器1信号不可信（被动/偶发），如图2所示。</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194950416-IMG_2808.png" alt="20250309194950416-IMG_2808" data-edit-file-id="842" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194950416-IMG_2808.png" imgbox-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194951122-IMG_2809.png" alt="20250309194951122-IMG_2809" data-edit-file-id="845" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194951122-IMG_2809.png" imgbox-index="2" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194950442-IMG_2810.png" alt="20250309194950442-IMG_2810" data-edit-file-id="844" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194950442-IMG_2810.png" imgbox-index="3" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">图2：发动机电控装置故障码及含义</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">经过读取故障码含义得知有燃油输送的故障码及关于所有气缸失火的数据，选择读取数据流功能，检查所有气缸失火及燃油压力的数据。发现每1000转的燃烧中断次数气缸1为11，每1000转的燃烧中断次数气缸2为1，每1000转的燃烧中断次数气缸3为24，每1000转的燃烧中断次数气缸为39，如图3所示。读取燃油高压标准值为10.184MPa，燃油高压实际值为：10.124MPa，如图4所示。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194953691-IMG_2811.png" alt="20250309194953691-IMG_2811" data-edit-file-id="846" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194953691-IMG_2811.png" imgbox-index="4" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">图3：发动机失火的数据</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194954255-IMG_2812.png" alt="20250309194954255-IMG_2812" data-edit-file-id="847" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309194954255-IMG_2812.png" imgbox-index="5" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">图4：燃油高压数据</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">经过读取失火及燃油压力的数据，可以确定所有气缸存在失火，燃油压力未见异常。读取到的燃油压力发动机是在怠速状态。发动机熄火观察燃油压力，发现燃油高压实际值快速下降，大约10秒钟时间，燃油高压实际值下降到约1.4MPa，如图5所示，表明高压燃油系统存在泄露。对于高压燃油系统存在泄露，可能是喷油器或高压泵内部泄露。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">拆下所有火花塞检查发现电极处发黑，其中2缸最严重，如图6所示。使用内窥镜检查2缸活塞顶部，发现活塞顶部有残余燃油，将内窥镜镜头转向喷油器方向，发现有燃油不断从上面落下，如图7所示，表明2缸喷油器漏油。更换2缸喷油器试车检查发动机运转平稳，所有气缸失火数据为0，熄火后的高压燃油压力短时间内没有下降。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309195304449-IMG_2813.png" alt="20250309195304449-IMG_2813" data-edit-file-id="849" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309195304449-IMG_2813.png" imgbox-index="6" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">图5：燃油压力快速下降</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309195307338-IMG_2814.png" alt="20250309195307338-IMG_2814" data-edit-file-id="850" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309195307338-IMG_2814.png" imgbox-index="7" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">图6：发黑的火花塞</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"><img decoding="async" src="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309195304749-IMG_2815.png" alt="20250309195304749-IMG_2815" data-edit-file-id="848" data-full-url="https://wapq.cn/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/20250309195304749-IMG_2815.png" imgbox-index="8" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px !important; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: auto;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">7:2缸活塞顶部有残余燃油</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">故障排除</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(78, 83, 88); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: 0px !important;">更换2缸的火花塞。</p><p></p>
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